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Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4]

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Category	Standards
Catalog NO.	BPG-3232
Product Name	Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4]
CAS	83701-16-0
Molecular Formula	C24H36D4O3
Molecular Weight	380.60

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Description	Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4] is the labelled analogue of Lithocholic acid. Lithocholic acid is a toxic secondary bile acid, causes intrahepatic cholestasis, has tumor-promoting activity, its toxic effect can be protected after it activates the vitamin D receptor, PXR and FXR.
Synonyms	Lithocholic-2,2,4,4-d4 acid; Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-d4; CTK8G0614; DTXSID60584371; AKOS030242863; (3alpha,5beta)-3-Hydroxy(2,2,4,4-~2~H4)cholan-24-oic acid; LITHOCHOLIC-2,2,4,4-D4 ACID; Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-d4; Lithocholic Acid-d4
IUPAC Name	(4R)-4-[(3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-2,2,4,4-tetradeuterio-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-3,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoic acid
Canonical SMILES	CC(CCC(=O)O)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C
InChI	InChI=1S/C24H40O3/c1-15(4-9-22(26)27)19-7-8-20-18-6-5-16-14-17(25)10-12-23(16,2)21(18)11-13-24(19,20)3/h15-21,25H,4-14H2,1-3H3,(H,26,27)/t15-,16-,17-,18+,19-,20+,21+,23+,24-/m1/s1/i10D2,14D2
InChIKey	SMEROWZSTRWXGI-POXZWENPSA-N
Purity	≥ 98% (CP); ≥ 98% atom D
Solubility	Soluble in methanol (≥100 μg/mL)
Related CAS	434-13-9 (unlabelled)
Application	A labelled cholic acid derivative as TGR5 modulator. Found in ox bile, human bile, rabbit bile, and in ox and pig gallstones.
Shelf Life	1 Year
Storage	-20°C
Exact Mass	380.32
Hygroscopic	No
Light Sensitive	No
Percent Composition	C 75.74%, H 11.65%, O 12.61

Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4] is a labeled bile acid used in various scientific and medical applications due to its isotopic labeling. Here are some key applications of Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4]://

Metabolic Studies: Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4] is employed in metabolic studies to trace and understand bile acid metabolism and transport in the liver and intestines. By using the labeled compound, researchers can monitor its pathways and interactions within the body. This helps in elucidating the kinetics and dynamics of bile acid circulation and its role in liver disorders.

Pharmacokinetic Analysis: The labeled bile acid is vital in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic studies, particularly in understanding the impacts of drugs on bile acid profiles. By tracking the labeled Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4], scientists can assess how pharmaceuticals affect bile acid synthesis, secretion, and clearance. This information is important for optimizing drug design and evaluating potential side effects.

Isotope Dilution Analysis: Lithocholic acid-2,2,4,4-[d4] is used as an internal standard in isotope dilution mass spectrometry for the precise quantification of bile acids in biological samples. This technique allows for accurate measurement of bile acid concentrations in various matrices such as serum and liver tissues. It provides critical insights into the abnormalities of bile acid metabolism in diseases like cholestasis and gallbladder dysfunction.

Toxicology Research: The compound is utilized in toxicological studies to investigate the effects of bile acids on cellular and organ health. By comparing the biological activity of labeled and unlabeled lithocholic acid, researchers can discern the toxicological impacts and mechanisms of action at the molecular level. This knowledge is crucial for understanding bile acid-induced toxicity and for developing therapeutic interventions.

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